The biggest pressures on pollinators
Pollinator decline is not caused by a single issue. It is the result of overlapping threats that reduce food sources, nesting space, and survival rates across seasons.
Habitat loss and fragmentation
Urban development, large-scale agriculture, and lawns replace diverse native plant communities. When habitats are fragmented, pollinators cannot move safely between food sources and nesting areas.
Pesticides and herbicides
Many chemical pesticides are toxic to bees and other pollinators, even at low levels. Herbicides remove wildflowers that provide essential nectar and pollen.
Climate change
Rising temperatures and shifting seasons can cause plants to bloom before pollinators emerge. Extreme weather also reduces nesting success and food availability.
Disease and parasites
Pathogens like fungal infections and parasites such as varroa mites can weaken pollinators, especially in stressed habitats.
Light and noise pollution
Artificial light disorients nocturnal pollinators like moths. Noise and vibrations can disrupt communication and navigation.
Invasive species
Non-native plants and insects can outcompete native species, reducing the diversity of food and habitat options for local pollinators.
What you can do next
- Plant native flowers that bloom across the seasons.
- Avoid pesticides and herbicides, especially neonicotinoids.
- Leave some natural areas untouched for nesting.
- Support local conservation groups and student-led projects.